International diplomatic missions in Tanzania have called for the release of bodies of individuals reportedly killed during the October general election violence to their families. This comes amid increasing international scrutiny regarding human rights issues in the country.
Diplomatic Pressure and Allegations
Seventeen diplomatic missions, including those from the UK and France, have issued a joint statement. They cited "credible reports" and presented "evidence of extrajudicial killings, disappearances, arbitrary arrests," and "concealment of bodies" by Tanzanian authorities during the unrest. The coalition, led by the European Union delegation and encompassing Canada, Norway, and Switzerland, urged the government to free political prisoners and ensure detainees receive legal and medical assistance.
The missions also advocated for an independent, transparent, and inclusive investigation into the violence. They emphasized the importance of involving civil society, faith-based organizations, and political stakeholders in such an inquiry. Additionally, they reiterated calls for Tanzania to uphold its international commitments regarding fundamental freedoms and constitutional rights.
Government's Position and Election Aftermath
President Samia Suluhu Hassan has publicly defended the fairness of the October 29 election, in which she was declared the winner with approximately 98% of the vote. Prior to the election, key opposition leaders were barred from contesting, which led to significant criticism. President Samia has also accused Western nations of internal interference and has defended the use of force against protesters as "necessary" to prevent attempts to "overthrow the government." She has stated, without providing evidence, that foreign actors collaborated with opposition groups to achieve "regime change."
Following the election results, widespread demonstrations occurred. Authorities responded by imposing an internet blackout and issuing warnings against sharing protest-related imagery.
Casualties and Detentions
Reports indicate that hundreds of individuals were killed during the violence, though the Tanzanian government has not released an official casualty count. The UN human rights office reported that since mid-November, dozens of individuals, including academics, civil society actors, and local political leaders, have been detained. Some arrests were reportedly carried out by unidentified armed personnel. The UN office also cited over 2,000 detentions after the demonstrations and called for the immediate release of all arbitrarily detained individuals.
At least 240 people were initially charged with treason following the protests. President Samia later requested prosecutors to "show leniency," and many charged individuals have since reportedly been released. Opposition leader Tundu Lissu was charged with treason in April and remains in detention.
International Relations and Political Landscape
The US government announced it is reconsidering relations with Tanzania in light of the government's response to protesters. The US State Department indicated it "cannot overlook actions that jeopardize the safety of our citizens, or the security and stability of the region."
President Samia, who became Tanzania's first female president in 2021 after the death of President John Magufuli, was initially recognized for easing political repression. However, observations suggest a subsequent reduction in political freedoms.