UK Physicists Develop Deep Underground Quantum Science with New QuASAR Project

Physicists in the UK are developing quantum science capabilities over a kilometer below the earth's surface. The new QuASAR project (Quantum Atom-experiment for Sensing And fundamental Research) involves the construction of the UK's first underground cold-atom quantum sensor at the Boulby Underground Laboratory in North Yorkshire. This initiative is expected to open new frontiers for quantum technology in the UK.

The QuASAR project involves the construction of the UK's first underground cold-atom quantum sensor at the Boulby Underground Laboratory, poised to open new frontiers for quantum technology.

Project Science

Quantum physics investigates the behavior of matter and light at atomic scales. Scientists utilize precisely controlled lasers to cool atoms, nearly bringing them to a standstill. These ultra-cold atoms act as highly sensitive probes, reacting to minute changes in gravity, magnetic fields, and vibration, providing a new method for deep underground measurements. While cold-atom sensors are already used in navigation and geological surveying, their performance in an ultra-quiet underground environment is being tested for the first time.

Underground Advantage

The Boulby Underground Laboratory, the UK's deep underground science facility, is located within a working polyhalite and salt mine near Whitby. This subterranean location offers natural isolation from cosmic rays, environmental noise, and other disturbances due to thick rock layers, creating a quiet environment beneficial for delicate quantum measurements.

Engineering Challenges

The underground setting presents both a scientific opportunity and significant engineering challenges for the QuASAR team. Transporting the experiment through the mine's narrow lift shaft required detailed planning. Researchers are currently working on stabilizing laser systems in the remote environment and ensuring the experiment's reliable operation when direct access by surface scientists is not readily available.

Collaboration and Future

The project involves a strengthened partnership with Boulby, including shared problem-solving and the recruitment of a jointly supported Quantum Apprentice Technician. A delegation from Durham University recently visited the site to observe progress. QuASAR aims to foster scientific skills and innovation in the North East region and position it as a contributor to global physics research. Supported by UKRI's Science and Technology Facilities Council, the project has the potential to influence the next generation of quantum technology and facilitate discoveries in fundamental physics.