In 2023, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) caused 141,733 deaths in the United States, according to the latest data.
COPD remains the fifth-leading cause of death nationwide as of early 2026, with annual medical costs estimated at $24 billion among adults aged 45 and older. Nearly 16 million U.S. adults have been diagnosed with COPD, and many more are undiagnosed.
Key Findings
Smoking remains the primary cause of COPD, but secondhand smoke, air pollution, and occupational exposures also contribute.
Both current and former smokers with COPD face a higher risk of death compared to never-smokers.
Social isolation is associated with a higher risk of death among people with COPD. Among single or never-married individuals with COPD, current smokers had roughly 50% higher mortality risk, and former smokers had nearly four times the risk, compared with never-smokers.
COPD affects more than the lungs, increasing risks of lung infections, lung cancer, heart disease, muscle weakness, and depression/anxiety.
Recommendations
- Avoiding or quitting smoking is the most effective way to reduce COPD risk.
- Reducing exposure to tobacco smoke, air pollution, and occupational hazards helps prevent lung damage.
- Consistent access to treatments such as inhalers, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and vaccinations can improve outcomes.
- Screening for social isolation and providing social support may help reduce mortality.