Formula 1 is evaluating two distinct sets of engine regulation changes. Evolutionary adjustments to the current power unit regulations are being considered for implementation in 2027, while FIA President Mohammed Ben Sulayem has stated that a return to V8 engines is planned for 2031, with a potential earlier introduction in 2030.
2027 Power Unit Adjustments
Proposed Technical Changes
Formula 1 has agreed in principle to introduce evolutionary changes to the current power unit regulations, effective from 2027. The proposed changes include:
- Increasing internal combustion engine power by approximately 50kW
- Reducing Energy Recovery System output
- Shifting the power split from the current 50-50 ratio to a 60-40 split in favor of combustion power
The stated objective of these changes is to allow for more flat-out racing and reduce the amount of energy management required by drivers.
Testing and Further Development
Modifications tested at the Miami Grand Prix were assessed as successful, with reports indicating improved competition and no material safety issues. Additional adjustments are being considered, including revisions to start procedures and measures for wet conditions. Evaluation of improved visual signaling measures is scheduled for the Canadian Grand Prix on May 24. Further technical discussions will take place before final approval by manufacturers and the FIA's World Motor Sport Council.
V8 Engine Return for 2030-2031
Timeline and Regulatory Authority
Mohammed Ben Sulayem has confirmed that Formula 1 will return to V8 engines in 2031, with an aim to bring the introduction forward to 2030. According to FIA regulations, the governing body can implement this change without a vote from power unit manufacturers starting in 2031.
"It's coming. At the end of the day, it's a matter of time... In 2031, the V8, the FIA will have the power to do it, without any votes from the PUMs." — Mohammed Ben Sulayem
Current and Previous Engine Specifications
Formula 1 transitioned from V8 engines to V6 hybrids in 2014. The most recent regulations, introduced in 2026, specified a 1.6-liter V6 hybrid with 350kW electrical output, nearly tripling the previous 120kW electrical output. This resulted in a 50-50 split between combustion and electric power. The new power unit weight increased to a minimum of 185kg, up 40kg from 2025 specifications, compared to 95kg for the 2013 V8.
Criticisms and Concerns
Drivers, including Max Verstappen, have reported that increased energy management demands made the cars less enjoyable to drive. F1 CEO Stefano Domenicali stated that "the cost of the power unit is too high." A cost cap of $190 million per manufacturer applies, with an estimated $660 million spent per manufacturer by the end of the season.
"We have the duty to make sure that this business is sustainable." — Stefano Domenicali
Manufacturer Impact
The 2026 regulations attracted new manufacturers: Audi joined with its own engine, Cadillac (General Motors) plans to become a full works team by the end of the decade, and Honda reversed its 2021 exit to return, citing the 2026 regulations as a strategic investment.
"Our investment in motorsport, especially Formula 1, is a strategic investment... These technologies and skills directly support our future automobile business." — Shota Yokono, Honda Racing Corporation
Statements from Officials
- Toto Wolff (Mercedes team principal): Expressed openness to V8s, proposing a "mega engine" with 800 bhp from combustion and 400 bhp from electric. He noted, "If we swing 100 per cent combustion, then we're looking a bit ridiculous in 2031 or 2030."
Background
The 2026 regulations were designed to reflect the automotive industry's shift toward electrification and included removal of the MGU-H system. The proposed V8 return for 2031 would mark another major change, potentially incorporating moderate electrification to maintain relevance for manufacturers.