Researchers at The Australian National University (ANU) have developed a new nanoscopy technique, RO-iSCAT, that allows for label-free, three-dimensional imaging of living cells over several days.
The Technique
RO-iSCAT achieves high-resolution imaging by rotating the angle of illuminating light and combining images captured at different heights. This process removes background noise and enhances the light signal from cells by tenfold in real time.
Unlike traditional methods, RO-iSCAT does not require chemical dyes or labels, which avoids phototoxicity and allows for extended observation periods.
The technique was detailed in a paper published in Nature Communications under the title "Using rotational integration of oblique interferometric scattering to track axial spatiotemporal responses of tubular membrane protrusions." The research was conducted in collaboration with the Garvan Institute of Medical Research.
Key Observations
Using this technique, the researchers observed nanoscale, thread-like structures known as tubular membrane protrusions on the surface of living cells. The images showed these structures extending, retracting, and reconnecting over time, forming dynamic networks between cells. These networks are understood to transfer biochemical messages between cells.
Potential Applications
The research team used RO-iSCAT to observe interactions between pancreatic cancer cells and human blood vessel cells with surrounding connective tissue.
Sources state these interactions are thought to be related to processes such as tumor growth, the formation of new blood vessels, and treatment resistance. Further applications cited include studying how viruses spread between cells via cellular bridges and the potential to use the technique to observe specific cellular pathways for more precise drug delivery.