Online discussions frequently feature misinformation regarding the "reversal" or "cure" of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Experts emphasize that a personalized management approach is generally necessary, given the varied symptoms and experiences among individuals living with PCOS.
Understanding PCOS
PCOS is a condition associated with elevated levels of insulin and androgens (male-type hormones). Symptoms can include excessive hair growth, acne, irregular periods, weight gain, difficulty conceiving, anxiety, and depression. Individuals with PCOS may also face an increased risk of developing conditions such as diabetes and heart disease.
Common PCOS Misconceptions
Misinformation often circulates concerning weight, diets, and fertility in relation to PCOS. Common myths include:
- The belief that being overweight causes PCOS or is a result of inadequate self-care.
- Claims about specific supplements or PCOS-focused diets offering universal solutions.
- The misconception that individuals with PCOS are unable to have children.
Experts caution against advice or products that claim to "cure," "solve," or "reverse" PCOS, as it is a lifelong condition.
Risks of Online Diet Advice
Individuals have reported negative experiences following restrictive diets found online for PCOS management. For example, a restrictive, low-calorie ketogenic diet was found to negatively impact energy levels and quality of life for one individual. Another followed advice to eliminate dairy and gluten, finding it depressing and unsustainable. Both eventually adopted personalized dietary approaches informed by medical professionals.
Expert Recommendations for Management
Dietitians specializing in PCOS nutrition note that there is "no one best diet" for the condition, as individual symptoms dictate the most effective approach.
Cutting out major food groups is often suggested online, but women with PCOS are more susceptible to disordered eating and poor body image. Restrictive eating or skipping meals, particularly with insulin resistance common in PCOS, can exacerbate symptoms.
While reviewing dairy intake may benefit some with acne, dairy is considered nutritious and not typically requiring elimination. Full-fat dairy can support ovulation. For those with insulin resistance, reducing carbohydrates may be helpful, but the focus should be on fiber-rich, complex carbohydrates, not complete elimination.
Research indicates that DASH and Mediterranean-style diets may offer more symptom improvement than lower-carbohydrate approaches alone. These diets prioritize food quality, support insulin sensitivity, gut and liver health, and reduce chronic inflammation.
Accessing Reliable Information
To avoid PCOS myths and confusing advice, individuals are encouraged to seek reliable information from credible sources such as Jean Hailes for Women's Health or the Royal Women's Hospital. Checking the credentials of information providers, rather than solely relying on social media popularity, is advised. In Australia, individuals diagnosed with PCOS may be eligible for subsidized dietitian consultations. Resources like the free AskPCOS app or webpage are also available.