New Study Suggests Omega-3 May Help Reduce Aggression

A 2024 study suggests that omega-3 fatty acids, commonly available as dietary supplements, may help reduce aggression. These findings build on prior research linking omega-3 to mental well-being and acknowledging nutrition's influence on brain chemistry.

The Research Behind the Findings

Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania conducted a meta-analysis of 29 randomized controlled trials. These trials involved a total of 3,918 participants and were conducted between 1996 and 2024. The studies lasted an average of 16 weeks and included diverse demographics, ranging from children to older adults.

Key Findings: A Modest but Noticeable Reduction

The meta-analysis indicated a modest but noticeable short-term effect on aggression.

The study showed up to a 28 percent reduction in aggression across various variables, including age, gender, medical diagnosis, and treatment duration and dosage.

The reductions applied to both reactive aggression (in response to provocation) and proactive aggression (planned behavior).

Expert Commentary & Practical Implications

Neurocriminologist Adrian Raine commented on the findings, suggesting that omega-3 supplementation could be implemented to reduce aggression in community, clinical, or criminal justice settings. He also noted that parents seeking treatment for aggressive children might consider adding more fish to their child's diet.

Hypothesized Mechanisms and Future Research

The researchers hypothesize that omega-3 may help regulate aggression by reducing inflammation and supporting vital brain processes.

While further larger, longer-term studies are needed to fully establish this relationship, the team suggests there is sufficient evidence to warrant further investigation.

Broader Context and Heart Health Benefits

Beyond its potential role in aggression, omega-3 has also been linked to reducing the risk of fatal heart attacks, strokes, and other heart health problems.

Raine emphasized that omega-3 is not a complete solution for societal violence but can be a contributing factor based on these findings. The research was published in the journal Aggression and Violent Behavior.